JavaScript has two paradigms: MVC (Model-View-Controller) and OO (Object-Oriented). The MVC model is more commonly used because it does not necessitate the introduction of new classes for its objects. The OO model uses classes to create objects. The main difference between the two paradigms is that OO allows code to be reused across different views of an application while MVC requires inheritance to be used.
In general, the MVC design is considered more important because of its organization. OO design is considered more important because of its easier to understand, though not necessarily more organized structure. OO also allows for a layered architecture, which might involve classes for different components such as databases, user-interface, and back-end services.
The problem of a MVC design is more complicated than what the OO program design would be. A major benefit of MVC is that the user interface could be more flexible. The OO design, on the other hand, does not allow any flexibility because the user interface relies on certain types of classes.
Another major advantage of the MVC is that the designers can make use of more objects than in the OO program. The users, however, may end up feeling that the design is not intuitive because it relies on a certain type of class.
Functional programmers usually use frameworks such as Backbone.js or AngularJS to develop an application. The AngularJS provides templates for HTML and CSS. A component can have its own directive or template and have a single-page application.
The Backbone.js provides a model and view framework with several directives and template for displaying data. The user interface is defined in a single place. The data is entered into a database or saved to a local file.
The third paradigm is Object-Oriented JavaScript programming. This language was designed by Joel Spolsky to replace JavaScript. Object-Oriented JavaScript is based on the functional programming model.
However, in functional programming, a programmer is free to pass a piece of data around in the code, whereas in object-oriented, data is tightly bound. A data structure is basically immutable.
In functional programming, a function is expected to return a value. In object-oriented, a function is expected to create a new object. Therefore, it is not possible to pass a value to a function.
Functional programming uses arrays for storing values. In object-oriented, an object has several properties. This happens when the methods used by the programmer are passed to the object, instead of creating a new object.
Both object-oriented and functional programming offer programmers a great deal of control over their programs. While both models allow for data sharing, the functional model usually offers better performance than the object-oriented model.